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Char Formation by Coal Injection and Its Behavior in the Blast Furnace ...
Coals were ground and sieved to a particle size fraction of ≈90% in the range of 90-200 μm. The compositions of coke and ferrous burden materials are given in Table 1 and 2. Table 1. Coke characteristics, Table 2. Chemical composition of pellets and sinter, wt%, Table 3. Scenarios for synthetic char production, Table 4.
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13C NMR Correlation - Ira A. Fulton College of Engineering
chemical structure parameters of both U.S. and non-U.S. coals generally measured by 13C NMR and often required for advanced devolatilization models. The chemical structure parameters correlated include: (i) the average molecular weight per side chain (Md); (ii) the average molecular weight per
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Physico-Chemical Structure and Gasification Performance of Co-Pyrolytic ...
Some researchers have explored the physico-chemical structure of co-pyrolytic char from waste plastics and coal, particularly the pore property and carbon microcrystal structure, which are two significant factors impacting the gasification performance.
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Coal Swelling | SpringerLink
The main body of the coal is a macromolecular network structure, similar to a polymer, suggesting that the swelling process should be reversible, when actually, it is not. 8.1.2.2 Association Model of Swelling Process Nishioka [ 21] proposed the association model, based on swelling and extraction experiments.
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Tar reforming using char as catalyst during pyrolysis and gasification ...
Coal chars were employed to catalyze the in situ tar reforming reactions during the pyrolysis and gasification of Shengli brown coal in a two-stage quartz reactor at different temperatures. Two different chars as catalysts were prepared.
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Evolution Mechanism of Macromolecular Structure in Coal during Heat ...
Some information about the molecular structures of coal can be obtained from an analysis for the elements carbon (C), hydrogen (H), sulfur (S), and nitrogen (N) [ 28 ]. The atomic ratio of hydrogen to carbon (H/C) varies in different ranked coals.
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Catalytic Upgrading of Coal Pyrolysis Volatiles by Porous Carbon ...
Feb 9, 2021of heavy components in coal tar, especially pitch, into light tar The fraction of tar that can be soluble in n-hexane is increased by 30.31%. of a pyrolysis reactor and a combustion reactor in which lighter components in tar formed by enhancing the contact time of tar and char during pyrolysis. Zeng et al.12studied the role
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Effects of poplar addition on tar formation during the co-pyrolysis of ...
optimize the production of biomass-coal tar. This work involved three-stage absorption by butyl acetate to obtain poplar-fat coal tar during high temperature co-pyrolysis of fat coal and poplar. The resulting product yields were calculated relative to the fat coal and poplar blends. The structures of the tar samples were analyzed using gas
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CiteSeerX — 1 Chemical Structure of C h a r in the Transition from ...
Recent coal devolatilization efforts have focused on relating coal devolatilization behavior to the chemical structure of the parent Gas and tar yields, as well as tar molecular weights, can be predicted based on correlations related to elemental compositions or from measured chemical characteristics of the parent coal. However, char is an ...
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Modeling Devolatilization Process of Serbian Lignites Using Chemical ...
mechanisms and chemistry of the coal devolatilization process. In addition, the devolatilization process controls softening, swelling, particle agglomeration, char reactivity, and char physical structure; the soot formation (which can dominate radiative energy transport) is controlled by the tar produced during devolatilization [4].
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Coal Carbonization for Coke Production - IspatGuru
Coal carbonization is the process by which coal is heated and volatile products (liquid and gaseous) are driven off, leaving a solid residue called coke. Carbonization of coal involves heating coal to high temperatures either in the absence of oxygen (O2) or in control quantity of O2. A gaseous by-product referred to as coke oven gas (COG ...
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ORCID
The chemical nature of synergistic effect and the regulation of thermal process during coal/biomass co-gasification ... Impact of biomass addition on organic structure and mineral matter of char during coal-biomass co-gasification under CO 2 atmosphere ... Formation of tar and its characterization during air-steam gasification of sawdust in a ...
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Coal Tar and Coal-Tar Pitch - Cancer-Causing Substances - NCI
Coal-tar pitch is a thick black liquid that remains after the distillation of coal tar. It is used as a base for coatings and paint, in roofing and paving, and as a binder in asphalt products. Both coal tar and coal-tar pitch contain many chemical compounds, including carcinogens such as benzene.
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Evolution of Char Structure During In-Situ Biomass Tar Reforming ...
For tar reforming, the internal pore structure of char-based catalysts is little changed, mainly with the carbon deposit forming on the surface pore structure. The carbon deposit from the reformation of straw tar on the char surface has better reactivity than the inherent carbon structure of ZD coal char and sawdust biochar.
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Evolution Mechanism of Macromolecular Structure in Coal during Heat ...
Owing to the complexity and heterogeneity of coal during pyrolysis, the ex situ analytical techniques cannot accurately reflect the real coal pyrolysis process. In this study, according to the joint investigation of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the structural evolution characteristics of lignite-subbituminous coal-bituminous coal-anthracite series ...
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Advances in Modeling Coal Pyrolysis, Char Combustion, and Soot ...
Sep 30, 2021New correlations are presented for the elemental composition of coal char and tar as a function of parent coal characteristics, temperature, and heating rate. ... Solum MS, Pugmire RJ (1996) Chemical structure of coal tar during devolatilization. Symp (Int) Combust 26(2):3153-3160. Google Scholar
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An Advanced Model of Coal Devolatilization Based on Chemical Structure
on the chemical structure of coal as determined by 13C NMR spectroscopy. It also represents the first time that a volatile nitrogen model has been validated by comparing model predictions with the chemical structure of char (as well as with light gas and tar yields). Predictions of nitrogen release during devolatilization compared well with
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pyrolysis | chemical reaction | Britannica
pyrolysis, the chemical decomposition of organic (carbon-based) materials through the application of heat. Pyrolysis, which is also the first step in gasification and combustion, occurs in the absence or near absence of oxygen, and it is thus distinct from combustion (burning), which can take place only if sufficient oxygen is present. The rate of pyrolysis increases with temperature.
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Formation Mechanism of Aromatics During Co-pyrolysis of Coal and Cotton ...
The aromatics and their derivatives in the HEX of CS pyrolysis were composed only of benzenes (1.59 wt%, tar), phenols (6.37 wt%, tar), naphthalenes (0.21 wt%, tar) and biphenyls (0.21 wt%, tar).
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Particle Combustion - CCMSC Home
Pyrolysis is thermal decomposition of the coal, resulting in volatile gases and solid char particles. Between 35 and 60% of the dry, ash-free coal is pyrolyzed and released as volatiles, depending on the type of coal. This process may take as little as 2-5 ms in a large boiler.
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Catalytic Steam Reforming of Biomass Tar Using Iron Catalysts
During the steam reforming process, the char-supported iron/nickel catalysts exhibit very high activity for the reforming of tar. In addition, NO x precursors could
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Fuel Processing Technology - eScholarship
Following the structure and reactivity of Tuncbilek lignite during pyrolysis and hydrogenation Arzu Kanca a,b, Matthew Doddc, Jeffrey A. Reimerc,DenizUnera,⁎ a Department of Chemical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey b Department of Chemical Engineering, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey c Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering ...
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Characterization of the Structural Features of Char from the Pyrolysis ...
Chemical structure, Coal, Aromatic compounds, Pyrolysis Abstract Structural features of chars from the pyrolysis of cane trash in a fluidized-bed/fixed-bed reactor under both slow and fast heating rate conditions were investigated using Raman spectroscopy. Chars from the pyrolysis of coals were also investigated for comparison.
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Journal: Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis / Publication year ...
Coal pyrolysis, hydropyrolysis and hydrogasification were performed in a lab-scale pressurized fluidized bed with or without cobalt-calcium bimetallic catalyst (Co-Ca) to preliminarily discern the role of hydropyrolysis, Co-Ca catalyst and H2 in the course of coal catalytic hydrogasification (CCHG).
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A Numerical Study on Coal Devolatilization of Bituminous Coal Using CPD ...
that the devolatilization product of light gas, tar, char during primary and secondary pyrolysises affect the NOx emission during coal combustion. The analysis of the CPD model is able to improve the accuracy of the NOx concentration predictions and to design efficient low-NOx buner. This paper involves all three main areas: (ⅰ) the CPD
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A CHEMICAL PERCOLATION MODEL FOR DEVOLATILIZATION: SUMMARY Thomas H ...
rapidly heated coal based on the chemical structure of the parent coal. This document provides complete details of the development of the CPD model. Percolation lattice statistics are employed to describe the generation of tar precursors of finite size based on the number of cleaved labile bonds in the infinite coal lattice.
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A Literature Review on Coal Gasification as Part Transition in SA ...
Coal gasification is a complex process with changesboth physically and in chemical structure, all ... parameters affecting the quality of the syngas produced during coal gasification, the quality, composition, ... at high pressure the structure of the char tends to be that of a sponge, this affects the reactivity of the char which in turn is ...
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ORCID
In Situ Coal Tar Reforming with Char and Its Reaction Model Considering Pore Consumption ... Promoting gas production by controlling the interaction of volatiles with char during coal gasification in a circulating fluidized bed gasification reactor ... Synthesis of nitrogen-containing microporous carbon with a highly ordered structure and ...
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Modified CPD Model for Coal Devolatilization at UCTT Conditions
By in-situ heating of coal in the absence of an oxidant, the coal would be thermally decomposed to a product mixture liquids and gas with a higher hydrogen/carbon ratio than the original coal, and a solid, 3 product of char, the latter being left underground along with the mineral matter inherent in coal.
WhatsApp:+8617329420102Chemical characteristics of tars produced in a novel low-severity ...
Chemical structure of coal tar during devolatilization. Symposium (International) on Combustion 1996, 26 (2), 3153-3160. https://doi/10.1016/S0082-0784 (96)80160-3 J. Ma, T.H. Fletcher, B.W. Webb. Conversion of coal tar to soot during coal pyrolysis in a post-flame environment.
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Chemical Structure of Char in The Transition From Devolatilization to ...
The chemical smctures of char and tar during devolatilization for an Illinois #6 coal and a lignite were published previously, and discussed relative to devolatilization behavior.8.9 These data showed that ... A. Chemical Structure of Coal Chars from the CDL Attachments per Cluster. Attachments to aromatic clusters consist of alkyl groups and ...
WhatsApp:+8617329420102Metal Sulfide Assisted Coal Catalytic Hydrogenated Microwave Pyrolysis ...
The evolutionary route of coal matrix during integrated cascade pyrolysis of a typical low-rank coal. Appl. Energ. 199 (2017) 335-346. DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.040 [31] Q.Z. Li, B.Q. Lin, C.S. Zhao, et al. Chemical structure analysis of coal char surface based on Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer.
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The Chemical Structure of Coal Tar and Char During Devolatilization
The Chemical Structure of Coal Tar and Char During Devolatilization A Thesis Presented to the Department of Chemical Engineering Brigham Young University In Partial Fulfillment ... during my studies at BYU. He has been an excellent advisor and teacher. The opportunity
WhatsApp:+8617329420102COAL CHARACTERISTICS - Purdue University
The fixed carbon content of the coal is the carbon found in the material which is left after volatile materials are driven off. This differs from the ultimate carbon content of the coal because some carbon is lost in hydrocarbons with the volatiles Calorific value, measured in Btu is the amount of chemical energy stored in a coal that is ...
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The Chemical Structure of Coal Tar and Char During Devolatilization
The Chemical Structure of Coal Tar and Char During Devolatilization A Thesis Presented to the Department of Chemical Engineering Brigham Young University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Master of Science Eric M. Hambly April 1998
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Chemical characteristics of tars produced in a novel low-severity ...
Conversion of coal tar to soot during coal pyrolysis in a post-flame environment. Symposium (International) on Combustion 1996, 26 (2), ... Solid state 13C and 1H NMR studies of the evolution of the chemical structure of coal char and tar during devolatilization. Symposium (International) on Combustion 1991, 23 (1), ...
WhatsApp:+8617329420102Thomas H. Fletcher - Ira A. Fulton College of Engineering
Value Correlations with Application to Coal Char, Tar, and Other Fuels," Fuel ... C. Bartholomew, "Chemical Sintering of Cobalt Catalysts during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis," Chemical Reviews, 120, 4455-4533. (2020). DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00417 ... of Changes in Aliphatic Structure on Char Surface Area during Coal Pyrolysis, AIChE ...
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Pyrolysis of Coal - Srce
Coal is structured heterogeneously by organic and inorga-, nic constituents. It has a resistant chemical structure, grown, and preserved over millions of years. A model of coal structure should represent data, on the properties and behaviour of coal. The basic assumptions and main characteristics, of the coal models have been described erli-,
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Variation of the crystalline structure of coal char during ... - CORE
The HRTEM fringe images of the partially gasified coal chars indicate that large and highly ordered crystallites exist at conversion levels as high as 86%. It is also demonstrated that the crystalline structure of chars can be very different although their pore structures are similar, suggesting a combination of crystalline structure analysis ...
WhatsApp:+8617329420102Enhanced tar removal in syngas cleaning through integrated steam ...
The non-aromatic structures (e.g. aliphatic and/or O-containing structures) in tar are mainly converted into gases by catalytic cracking and/or reforming reactions on char, while the aromatic ...
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